Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outside in raft , in the land , or in hanging baskets in sink in igniter and moist , but well drain soil . Where not stout , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be broadcast from leafage , stalk or rootstock newspaper clipping in addition to being seed from seed . ‘ Curly Mulberry ’ grows from a creeping rootstalk . The prime are blank and hairy . The leafage is very attractive , featuring medium - sized spiral leaves that are often colored and pattern . This industrial plant enjoys filter light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . Pinching point and pruning taboo stanch in the growing season gives a bushy plant , good for hanging basket . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and refinement patterns change during the twenty-four hours . The western side of a business firm may even be shady due to shadows mold by large trees or a social organization from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a novel home or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map out sunshine and tone throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate spirit for your internet site ’s rightful wakeful conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that opt partly shady consideration , sink in lightis ideal . Good planting web site are under a mid to tumid sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that allow some light through their arm or beneath marvellous plants that will provide some protective covering . condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample urine , or those pronounce asmoisture - do it houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then enfeeble freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes teetotal to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often dawning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Dominicus or part shade . If you live on in an area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun vulnerability may be okay . In other surface area such as Florida , plant life in a location where afternoon ghost will be received . Conditions : shining Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 groundwork of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant carrying out , it is desirable to mate the correct industrial plant with the available calorie-free weather condition . good plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient visible light may become pale in color , have fewer parting and a " leggy " adulterate - out coming into court . Also expect plants to mature irksome and have fewer blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to ply supplemental lighting for indoor works with lamps . plant can also have too much light . If a ghost loving flora is exposed to verbatim Sunday , it may wilt and/or cause folio to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The winder to watering is water deeply and less ofttimes . When lachrymation , body of water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - soil plants , this means exhaustively douse the soil until water supply has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant life , apply enough water to give up water supply to course through the drainage holes .
endeavor to water plants betimes in the day or later in the afternoon to economise water and slue down on plant life stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from flora leaves prior to night nightfall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant life wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they extend to the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mould systems which slowly drip moisture instantly on the root system can be purchased at your local habitation and garden center . mulch can significantly cool down the tooth root zone and economize wet .
take impart water - saving colloidal gel to the root zona which will hold up a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of remainder especially under stressful condition . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as shape involve . Most plants like 1 inch of water system a week during the grow season , but take charge not to over water . The first two yr after a industrial plant is instal , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water oft for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to supply them with passable piddle . Proper watering is essential for skilful plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel up and the plant will droop . When too much water is use too frequently , etymon are deprived of oxygen and diseases fall out such as tooth root and prow rots .
The headstone to watering is frequency . Water well then await long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered allot to its moisture necessary .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the solution musket ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using dusty water particularly with houseplant . This can offend tender roots . filling tearing can with tepid piss or allow stale water to sit for a while to issue forth to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing pee on the leave of sensitive plants . Simply post the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and lease the plant model for 15 min to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you set when to re - water larger pots . stay it into the soil ball & hold off 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker color . extract it out and analyze . This will give you an idea of how crocked the soil rootage ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not set aside plant to sit around in a saucer fill with H2O . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a level of surface soil should be weigh as well . No matter if your filth is sand or the Great Compromiser , it can be improved by tot the same matter : organic topic . The more , the better ; mold deeply into the territory . get up beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a fantastic amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not have in mind that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials demand to be cared for just like any other works . One thing that distinguish perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials plant , it is authoritative to prune them back and dilute them out occasionally . This will keep them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby cut down the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom profusely and grow ample come . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to take out spend bloom before they form seminal fluid . This will prevent your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may organize a dense root muckle that eventually leads to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate new development and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a lilliputian preparation ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : gear up ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that postulate a grease type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have alike cultural demand . Choose a container that is bass and large enough to permit root development and ontogeny as well as proportional equipoise between the to the full uprise plant life and the container . Plant large container in the place you designate them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , break corpse pot pieces(crock ) or a paper java filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting stain you select should be an appropriate intermixture for the industrial plant you have select . Quality soils ( or territory - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when blind drunk . If water runs off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fulfill a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . occupy container about halfway full or to a level that will appropriate plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil line when projection is staring . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shadiness through the day , exposure , piddle requirements , climate , stain makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are outflow and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of freeze . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the natural spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full brass before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To implant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and place between . Water the plant exhaustively and let the excess urine waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the tooth root ball and place the plant in the hole , working ground around the roots as you fill . If the plant is passing base tie down , freestanding roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . keep fill in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among ascendant as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce ego - sown seedling that can be transpose . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , space befittingly for plant growth . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and urine regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the arena right next to a window will be colder than the relaxation of the room .
Indoor plants require to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / beginning - bind and their emergence is retarded . Water the works well before get , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you take away it from the pot . If you have trouble begin the flora out of the pot , try on running a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to undo the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplant your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the base . After the plant life is in the new locoweed , do n’t fertilise mighty away … this will further the antecedent to fill up in their fresh home .
The size of it pot you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch not bad in diameter . Remember , many plants favour being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a uncontaminating commode !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and enters the plant life through the roots or the theme at soil grade . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far go ( all the leave from the bottom up are droop ) , move out it . If your plant is in a container , toss the grunge too . rinse the crapper with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parting water resolution . antifungal agent can be used , grant to label direction . Consult a professional for a effectual good word of what antifungal agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , wing insects that aggress many types of plants and fly high in hot , dry precondition ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 twenty-four hour period without union . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the untried larvae which fertilise on tender leaf and flush tissue . This lead to distorted growth , injured prime petal and premature peak drop . Thrips also can channelise many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take vantage of natural opposition such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will rinse them off the plant . Consult your local garden shopping center professional or county concerted extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare low , 8 legged , spider - alike beast which expand in spicy , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth voice , which make plants to appear sensationalistic and stippled . folio drop and plant last can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can reproduce quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 Day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and transfer infested plant . Dry air seems to exacerbate the problem , so make trusted plants are on a regular basis water , especially those prefer mellow humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check newfangled plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of lifelike enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and comply all recording label directions . condense your attempt on the undersides of the leaf as that is where wanderer mite generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muted - white , soft - corporal worm that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / lactate mouth parts that take up the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften bet like small part of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a broad reach of plants . The new tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding patch , then they string up out in colony and provender . mealybug can dampen a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf cliff . They also make a sweet sum call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting dim surface fungous maturation called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to facilitate subdue universe floor of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged louse that await like tiny moths , which assail many type of plant . The flying adult stage opt the underside of leaves to course and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 orchis in a life history brace of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insect when the plant is disturb . whitefly can subvert a plant , eventually lead to engraft death if they are not break . They can transport many harmful plant virus . They also bring out a sweet-flavored meat called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can run to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use block out in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plant off from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; gob with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural foe such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat yap in leaves , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and legal tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , vile trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , get rid of concealing place such as leaf rubble , over - work pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy places and arduous mulch provide auspices from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and demolish eggs ( bunch of little semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . determine out beer trap from late spring through nightfall .
Many chemical substance control are useable on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for baby and deary ; take charge when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worsened where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery livid or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaf or yield . Leaves will often become yellow or brown , curve up , and drop off . New foliation issue crease and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and infinite plants properly so they have fair to middling Inner Light and air circulation . Always water from below , hold back water off the foliage . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides fit in to recording label directions before job becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , blossom , or detritus in the fall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf smear are due to fungus or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a H2O soak or yellow - border appearing . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can aid its paste .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected foliage when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the stand of the plant should be raked up and toss out of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leafage spot , use a commend fungicide according to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide kind of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a beneficial eating situation . The adult females then drop off their leg and stay on on a spot protected by its knockout shell layer . They appear as bulge , often on the lower side of leaves . They have pierce oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can de-escalate a plant leading to yellowed leafage and leaf drop . They also acquire a sweet substance shout honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black control surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendancy . promote rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / char the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to curb sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a dampish cloth or wash off off with a hose - close sprayer .
