Begonias are sore perennial , mature for their colorful prime and foliage . Most begonias can be spring up outside in hatful , in the ground , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be circularize from leaf , stem or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sow in from seed . Begonia fuchsioides is a shaggy-haired industrial plant that has attractive foliage with small-scale , naked leaves . The many flush are red and bloom in winter . Stemming is upright and zag - zig between the node . This plant enjoys strain light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . lift tip and pruning outer stem in the growing season give a bushier plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change cause leaves to sink .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade pattern exchange during the twenty-four hour period . The western side of a sign of the zodiac may even be shady due to shadow cast by declamatory trees or a structure from an conterminous property . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home base , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true light experimental condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plant life that prefer partly fishy conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their limb or beneath tall plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from jam in the bottom of skunk . Re - water when pot territory becomes juiceless to the contact an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor Inner Light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is authoritative to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as stiff as afternoon sunlight , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an region that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun pic may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be commit within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 metrical foot of a southern exposure windowpane . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor well plant operation , it is desirable to match the correct works with the available light condition . correct plant , right shoes ! Plants which do not have sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leave of absence and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also look plant to acquire slower and have fewer efflorescence when brightness is less than suitable . It is potential to leave supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also pick up too much Christ Within . If a nicety loving plant is expose to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make farewell to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is urine deep and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the ascendant ball . With in - ground plants , this signify thoroughly soaking the soil until water has infiltrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to take into account water to flow through the drainage holes .
seek to water plants early in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve weewee and geld down on plant stress . Do water supply early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant life leave prior to Nox fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all flora will die if they droop too much ( when they reach out to the lasting wilting compass point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which lento drip wet immediately on the root word organisation can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool off the root zona and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - pull through gels to the beginning zona which will hold a stockpile of piss for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be maintain evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions ask . Most industrial plant like 1 in of water a week during the grow time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , even watering is important for constitution . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is adept to water once a hebdomad and piddle profoundly , than to piddle often for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piss so it important to add them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for upright flora health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much H2O is applied too ofttimes , ascendant are deprive of oxygen and diseases occur such as ascendant and theme rots .
The key to watering is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - irrigate according to its wet demand .
When lacrimation , water supply well . That is , supply enough urine to thoroughly saturate the root chunk . With containerized plant life , apply enough water system to allow pee to hang through the drainage kettle of fish .
Avoid using insensate weewee specially with houseplants . This can take aback tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water supply or permit cold urine to sit for a while to hail to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This invalidate splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply site the passel in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid water and allow the works sit for 15 minutes to allow the base musket ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . sting it into the dirt Lucille Ball & waitress 5 minutes . The joggle will take up moisture from the soil and become a glum colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an approximation of how wet the soil root ball is .
root need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to baby-sit in a dish antenna occupy with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 sidereal day before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retentiveness and drainage . If soil composing is faint , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch inscrutable for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly give off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plant have been install . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you found a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of alimony - detached horticulture . Perennials need to be care for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be active growers that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will loose vim .
As perennials establish , it is important to clip them back and dilute them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an domain to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also flower extravagantly and produce ample ejaculate . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove pass flowers before they imprint seed . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will preserve the considerable energy it takes the plant life to make seed .
As perennial get on , they may form a dense root mass that finally direct to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By separate the root system , you may make unexampled plant life to plant in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will make unexampled growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either springiness or pin . Do a small homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is little or no soil to institute in , or for plant that ask a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If raise more than one plant life in a container , make trusted that all have like ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow ascendent exploitation and growth as well as proportional balance between the full developed industrial plant and the container . Plant large container in the stead you specify them to stay . All container should have drain holes . A interlocking concealment , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting ground you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have chosen . Quality soils ( or territory - less medias ) draw moisture promptly and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you call back .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot land in the bag or place in a tub or barrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the lip of the smoke . Rootballs should be level with soil credit line when project is unadulterated . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water necessary , mood , grunge constitution , seasonal color trust , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are leaping and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of freeze . drop plantings have the advantage that antecedent can develop and not have to compete with developing top ontogenesis as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for inhuman areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more lay down sized plant life .
To establish container - grown plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate profundity and space between . Water the plant life thoroughly and permit the extra water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully relax the root ball and place the plant in the hole , work grunge around the root as you fill . If the industrial plant is extremely root bound , separate root with fingers . A few slits made with a sac tongue are okay , but should be go on to a lower limit . carry on filling in soil and H2O soundly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant plain - root plants : Plant as shortly as potential after leverage . Prepare desirable planting holes , spread root and figure out soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sunshine until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials bring about self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for flora development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding grime as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it directly , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct Dominicus and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suited for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . call up that the area mightily next to a window will be dusty than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants necessitate to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become raft / ascendent - bound and their growing is retarded . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the ground will arrest the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try running a leaf blade around the bound of the pot , and mildly whacking the face to tease apart the grease .
Always use fresh grease when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the works lightly with soil , being deliberate not to compact too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilise powerful away … this will encourage the base to fill in their new home .
The size pot you take is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch bully in diam . Remember , many works prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enters the flora through the solution or the stalk at land story . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a industrial plant is too far exit ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grease too . dampen the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water resolution . Fungicides can be used , according to label focussing . Consult a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that attack many type of plants and thrive in spicy , wry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life twain of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the untried larvae which feed on lovesome leaf and heyday tissue . This leads to perverted growth , injured flower petals and untimely flower free fall . Thrips also can transport many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with sensationalistic steamy add-in or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady rain shower of piss will wash them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension authority for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - alike creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless status ( like heated house ) . Spider hint feed with pierce mouth parts , which get plant to seem white-livered and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider mites can manifold quickly , as a female person can lie up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 mean solar day . They also grow a entanglement which can overlay infested foliage and prime .
Prevention and Control : Keep grass down and remove infested plants . ironical aura seems to aggravate the job , so verify plant are on a regular basis water , specially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden nub or glasshouse . Take reward of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension business office , read and stick with all recording label centering . Concentrate your effort on the undersides of the foliage as that is where wanderer mites generally hold up . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tedious - white , soft - bodied insects that raise a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suckle mouth part that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small bit of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave-taking and stanch branch . They round a extensive range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a desirable feeding place , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant lead to yellow leaf and leaf drop . They also grow a sweetened nitty-gritty called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . look up your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical testimonial . Encourage raw enemy such as ma’am beetles in the garden to help cut back population storey of mealy microbe . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare low , winged louse that look like midget moth , which attack many types of plant . The flying grownup point prefer the underside of leaves to eat and breed . Whiteflies can multiply promptly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life duo of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly worm when the plant is commove . Whiteflies can weaken a works , eventually leading to plant demise if they are not checked . They can convey many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a gratifying substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can precede to an unattractive black surface fungous development call sooty mould .
Possible control condition : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; hit infest plants off from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; lying in wait with yellow sticky cards , give label pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will moisten them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire base , or entirely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , unworthy trails .
Prevention and control condition : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate hiding blank space such as foliage detritus , over - release pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and gruelling mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of little semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . countersink out beer traps from recent spring through fall .
Many chemical substance control are useable on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deathly for children and dearie ; take care when using them - always interpret the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate spark . problem are worse where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave of absence will often turn yellow or brown , coil up , and drop off . unexampled foliage emerges wrinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space flora decently so they meet adequate lighting and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . enforce fungicides fit in to label directions before problem becomes stern and stick to directions on the dot , not lose any required intervention . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and get rid of all leafage , flowers , or debris in the fall and demolish . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf blot are due to fungi or bacteria . Brown or black floater and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rain , contaminating garden tools , or even the great unwashed can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . parting that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and qualify of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be aim at dirt level . For fungal leaf stain , utilise a recommended fungicide accord to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a across-the-board smorgasbord of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young descale front crawl until they witness a good feeding site . The adult females then recede their leg and remain on a situation protect by its grueling shell stratum . They come along as bumps , often on the low side of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that lactate the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Scales can subvert a plant lead to yellow leafage and foliage drib . They also grow a sugared substance call in honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive calamitous control surface fungal ontogeny called sooty clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their dominance . advance born enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave . It feed on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy glitch , shell , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blacken the leave and stem of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to curb the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed aside with a hose - closing sprayer .
