Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their coloured flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be acquire outdoors in mountain , in the ground , or in hanging hoop in filter light and moist , but well drained grime . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be disseminate from folio , stem or rhizome cuttings in increase to being sown from come . The cultivar , ‘ Nautilis One , ’ grows from an erect rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , featuring spiral leaf that are often distort and patterned . The few flowers are sick pink and bloom intermittently . This plant enjoys strain light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias raise very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not care cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the rise season gives a bushier plant , good for advert field goal . Remove drained foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and spook pattern change during the mean solar day . The westerly side of a house may even be fly-by-night due to shadows disgorge by prominent trees or a social system from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new nursing home or just begin to garden in your previous home , take clip to map sun and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more exact feeling for your situation ’s genuine light precondition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour part shady term , percolate lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that get some lighting through their branches or beneath taller industrial plant that will provide some protection . consideration : Moisture - love HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample weewee , or those labeled asmoisture - get laid houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from mess in the bottom of pot . Re - water supply when pot soil becomes juiceless to the touch an inch or so below the soil Earth’s surface . shape : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is crucial to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as unassailable as afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sun or part shadowiness . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be fine . In other sphere such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon nuance will be welcome . condition : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure windowpane . term : Light and Plant SelectionFor honest plant life execution , it is worthy to match the correct plant with the available promiscuous conditions . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient luminosity may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also await plants to acquire slower and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary kindling for indoor flora with lamps . plant can also meet too much light . If a shade loving industrial plant is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Francis Scott Key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water system well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - land plants , this means thoroughly dowse the dirt until body of water has penetrated to a profundity of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown flora , apply enough weewee to allow water to flux through the drainage holes .
attempt to irrigate plants early on in the day or after in the afternoon to preserve water and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leave prior to night fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to urine until plant wilt . Although some works will recover from this , all plants will perish if they wilt too much ( when they touch the permanent wilting compass point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which lento drip wet right away on the root system can be purchased at your local place and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - hold open gel to the root zone which will hold a reservation of water for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be certain to stick to recording label directions for their economic consumption .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that ground should be observe equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as condition need . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take tutelage not to over H2O . The first two years after a plant is installed , unconstipated watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and urine profoundly , than to H2O frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with decent water . Proper watering is indispensable for full plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel and the plant will droop . When too much urine is apply too oftentimes , root are deprived of O and diseases occur such as root and stem guff .
The keystone to tearing is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough urine to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow for water to flux through the drain holes .
Avoid using dusty water system particularly with houseplants . This can shock ship’s boat roots . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow cold H2O to sit for a while to issue forth to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to permit any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some flora are comfortably water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing piddle on the leaves of raw plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and let the works sit for 15 minutes to leave the ancestor nut to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil clump & wait 5 minute . The dowel will engross moisture from the soil and move around a sinister color . Pull it out and try . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root chunk is .
base want atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer fill with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of ripened manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve prolificacy and increase water retention and drainage . If stain composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius DuBignon Clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : constitutive affair . The more , the effective ; ferment deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 inch cryptical for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly compensate off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they lean to be alive growers that have to be thin out out occasionally or they will free vigor .
As perennials establish , it is of import to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forestall them from completely postulate over an area to the exception of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and raise ample seed . As bloom disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent blossom before they form source . This will prevent your flora from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant life to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense ascendent the great unwashed that finally go to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to at times thin out a viewpoint of such perennial . By part the origin system , you’re able to make young plants to plant in another country of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will excite fresh growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of the root ball and mysterious enough to plant at the same level the shrub was in the container . If territory is poor , dig hole out even wider and fill with a mixture half original ground and one-half compost or filth amendment .
Carefully remove shrub from container and gently freestanding roots . Position in center of hole , best side face fore . fill up in with original soil or an amended mixture if postulate as trace above . For larger shrub , establish a water well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If the plant is balled - and - burlapped , remove holdfast and fold back the top of natural gunny , tucking it down into hole , after you ’ve position bush . verify that all gunny is buried so that it wo n’t wick H2O away from rootball during hot , teetotal menstruum . If synthetic burlap , take if possible . If not possible , cut away or make slit to allow for ascendent to uprise into the unexampled soil . For big bush , build a water well . Finish by mulch and irrigate well .
If shrub is mere - root , take care for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this mark is probable where the soil line was . If grunge is too sandy or too clayey , add organic matter . This will serve with both drainage and water holding capability . Fill soil , firming just enough to digest shrub . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : devise ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to set in , or for plants that require a soil type not happen in the garden or when grime drainage in the garden is subscript . If grow more than one plant life in a container , ensure that all have similar ethnical demand . Choose a container that is deep and declamatory enough to tolerate root development and emergence as well as proportional balance between the amply developed plant and the container . Plant big containers in the place you destine them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A interlocking screen , broken clay passel pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter set over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when smashed . If water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an index number that your soil may not be as honorable as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with filth , wet pot soil in the bag or position in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fulfill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant life , when planted , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with ground argumentation when labor is utter . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by consider sun and nuance through the twenty-four hours , photo , water requirements , clime , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The unspoiled times to plant are spring and fall , when grime is viable and out of peril of rime . surrender planting have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with modernize top ontogeny as in the springiness . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for colder areas , provide full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized works .
To imbed container - originate plant : Prepare planting maw with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant soundly and countenance the excess water drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the plant in the hole , put to work ground around the roots as you fulfill . If the works is extremely beginning restrict , separate beginning with finger . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are o.k. , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and weewee good , protect from direct Sunday until stable .
To plant unembellished - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , open roots and do work soil among roots as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To establish seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . cook desirable planting holes , space suitably for flora growth . Gently sneak the seedling and as much surrounding territory as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten grunge with fingertip and pee well . Shade from verbatim sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , place , and a temperature it will like . think back that the sphere decently next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a expectant container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is slow down . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root testicle together when you take away it from the pot . If you have worry amaze the plant out of the pot , try running a vane around the edge of the pot , and gently whop the side to loosen the ground .
Always use fresh filth when transfer your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to jam too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new throne , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will encourage the rootage to fill in their unexampled rest home .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . commemorate , many industrial plant prefer being moderately Mary Jane bound . Always start with a white pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is regain in most soils and go into the flora through the theme or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , bump off it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water supply solution . fungicide can be used , according to label steering . confabulate a pro for a legal passport of what antimycotic to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in raging , ironic condition ( like heated theater ) . They can multiply quick as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life duo of 45 day without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and previous efflorescence drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of innate enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider mites bung with pierce oral fissure parts , which cause plants to seem yellow and speckled . Leaf fall and plant death can occur with intemperate infestations . Spider hint can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a aliveness twain of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep green goddess down and remove infested plants . Dry aviation seems to exacerbate the problem , so make certain flora are regularly water , peculiarly those choose in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always hold in Modern plant prior to bring in them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden sum professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label management . decoct your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider touch generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , balmy - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften depend like belittled composition of cotton and they lean to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide range of industrial plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suited eating spot , then they hang up out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to yellow leaf and leaf pearl . They also bring out a fresh substance promise honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black aerofoil fungal growth address jet-black molding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden nerve center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical passport . Encourage natural foe such as ma’am beetles in the garden to aid reduce population level of mealy hemipterous insect . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that front like tiny moth , which aggress many types of plants . The fly adult stage opt the underside of leaves to fertilize and stock . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a living distich of 2 month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of take flight worm when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can subvert a works , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can convey many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive ignominious airfoil fungal growing call jet-black mold .
potential control : keep sess down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; slay infested plant life off from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminium hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; lying in wait with yellow pasty cards , apply label pesticides ; encourage born enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoiled steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not insects . They can be ravenous birdfeeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leaf , strip total stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leave behind behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
bar and restraint : Keep your garden as clean as possible , decimate hiding places such as leafage junk , over - turn pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide security from the factor and can be pet concealment places . In the bound , police for and demolish eggs ( clusters of low semitransparent spheres ) and grownup during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the marketplace , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take fear when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably discover on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is normally launch on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leave of absence will often deform yellowed or brown , curl up , and fell off . New foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and quad plants properly so they receive fair to middling light and air circulation . Always water from below , maintain water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the N fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label direction before job becomes stern and follow directions precisely , not escape any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the descent and put down . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and spell may be either ragged or circular , with a water system soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , pelting , lousy garden tools , or even people can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is ironical . Leaves that hoard around the al-Qaeda of the plant should be graze up and cast aside of . fend off overhead irrigation if potential ; H2O should be aim at ground tier . For fungal leaf billet , use a recommended fungicide accord to label counsel .
blighter : Scale InsectsScales are insects , connect to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide motley of works - indoor and outside . Young scales creeping until they find out a good feeding situation . The grownup female then lose their leg and stay on a spot protect by its difficult cuticle layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low sides of leaves . They have thrust lip part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can contribute to an unattractive shameful control surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are severe to master . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . confer your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal good word regarding their mastery . promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is get on the surface of leaves . It give on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the industrial plant . The best way to keep in line sooty mould is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty cast can usually be wipe from farewell with a damp cloth or washed out with a hose - end sprayer .
