There are many types of edible mushroom that are delicious to eat and are skilful for you . Some varieties of comestible mushrooms such as white button , portobello , or shiitake varieties are mostly domesticate commercially . There are also types of wild edible mushroom such as chanterelles , porcini , or morels that you may ordinarily find by foraging in the forest .
Mushrooms are in reality a case of fungi that used as a vegetable in cooking . In fact , eating these character of fungi also has many wellness benefits due to their nutritional time value .
Of of course , not all types of mushrooms are good for eat . There are a number of varieties of poisonous mushrooms , some of which look just like edible wild mushroom . Also , some mushroom-shaped cloud kind have hallucinogenic properties and are not used for nutrient .
In this article , you will learn about various types of comestible mushrooms – both commercially raise ones and the variety you’re able to find growing wild in the forest . You will also find out helpful tips on stack away mushrooms and how to organize them for cookery .
Precautions When Foraging for Edible Wild Mushrooms
If you adjudicate to pick your own mushrooms that grow uncivilised , then you require to be deliberate to only pick edible one .
In the wild , it can sometimes be unmanageable to severalise if a mushroom is poisonous . Some edible untamed mushrooms have toxic look - alike and exhaust them can result in serious consequences . Consuming the wrong type of gaga mushroom-shaped cloud can cause gastrointestinal distressed , electronic organ failure , and even death . ( 1 )
The National Capital Poison Center recommends that if you decide to scrounge for wild mushrooms , it is skilful to have a mushroom-shaped cloud expert with you . A mycologist ( mushroom-shaped cloud expert ) can tell by examining mushrooms if they are secure to eat or not . ( 2 )
You should also avoid picking mushroom in areas that are heavily contaminated . Heavy metals can accumulate in mushroom and these can be uncollectible for your wellness .
Types of Edible Mushrooms (With Pictures)
First of all , let ’s look at some of the best form of edible mushrooms that are mostly available for sale in the supermarket .
Of course , all of the fungi on this list of edible mushroom also grow in the wild and can be detect arise in forest , fields , lea , and commons .
White Button Mushrooms
livid button mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus ) are one of the most popular type of edible mushroom .
This common mushroom has a white or gray-haired savourless jacket , short root , and loyal frame . Young varieties of button mushrooms have pinkish branchia under the roof that turn over dark chocolate-brown as the mushroom matures .
Other names for white button mushrooms include champignon mushroom , tabular array mushroom , or the common mushroom cloud .
The popularity of blank button mushrooms and their mild appreciation means that they are normally used in preparation . These small mushroom-shaped cloud are unspoilt sources of B vitamin - group vitamins and phosphorus . ( 3 )
Studies into the health welfare of this vernacular type of mushroom show that they have immune - boost attribute . rust white button mushrooms may help stimulate sure enzymes that can help foreshorten your endangerment of infection . ( 4 )
Crimini (Cremini) Mushrooms
Crimini mushroom are another type of theAgaricus bisporusvariety and are among the commonest edible fungi in the existence .
Crimini mushroom count similar to button mushroom but they have a meatier texture and more pronounced earthier flavor . Many citizenry say that crimini are better tasting mushroom than the push variety .
Other name for crimini brown mushroom-shaped cloud admit Italian brownish mushrooms , chestnut mushroom , Swiss brownness , or Roman brown mushroom .
liken to release mushroom cloud , crimini mushroom have good nutritional content . For example , there is more calcium , Lucifer , and potassium in these commonbrown mushroom . Like button mushrooms , these crimini brown mushroom are good dietary sources of B vitamin . ( 5 )
One of the reasons that eating crimini mushroom cloud is good for you is that they may facilitate slenderize inflammation . Studies have point that certain edible mushroom miscellanea such as crimini stimulate antigen cells that help inhibit inflammatory response . ( 6 )
Portobello (Portabella) Mushrooms
Portobello mushroom cloud are large edible mushroom and are crimini or button mushroom that have grown for foresighted .
Portobellos ( Agaricus bisporus ) have a heavy wide vapid capital that can be on average 6 ” ( 15 cm ) in diam .
Unlike its small salmagundi , portobello mushroom-shaped cloud are often grilled or adust whole and stuffed with a filling . Cooked portobello mushrooms have a chewy meaty texture and its flesh taste smoky and gross .
This big eatable mushroom has a similar nutritional visibility as its smaller versions . However , some studies have found that grilling cultivated portobello mushroom cloud increase its vitamin cholecalciferol content . Interestingly , if you leave the portobello in the Sunday for 15 minutes before fudge you could also increase its vitamin cholecalciferol subject matter by over 25 % . ( 6 )
Shiitake Mushrooms
People depict golden oak mushroom ( Lentinula edodes ) mushrooms as one of the well - tasting mushrooms you could corrupt .
Shiitake mushroom are aboriginal to Asia and are a character of edible tree mushroom . Shiitakes are low to medium - sized mushrooms with thin stem . The dark-brown crownwork of these exotic mushrooms have a distinctive curling lip .
These eatable cultivated and wild mushrooms are also called “ black mushrooms , ” “ black forest mushrooms , ” or “ prosperous oak tree mushrooms . ”
Although you could find shiitake growing on dilapidate trees in the wilderness in Asiatic countries , you are more likely to get hold them in supermarket or Asian depot in westerly countries .
Similar to most mushrooms , shiitake mushrooms are a good dietetic author of B vitamin and have temperate amounts of mineral . Dried Lentinus edodes mushroom cloud have a better nutrient profile gramme for gram than their wise miscellanea . ( 7,8 )
In Asian countries , shiitake mushrooms are used for medicative purpose . Scientific studies have also prove that they aid boost immunity and down in the mouth inflammation . infusion from shiitake mushrooms also have antimicrobial property . ( 9,10 )
Shiitake mushroom-shaped cloud : fresh and dry
Oyster Mushrooms
Oyster mushrooms are another type of edibletree mushroom cloud that produce in the wildand is also cultivated for culinary purposes .
Varieties of oyster mushrooms mostly have panoptic , fan - like jacket crown that have a wavy show . The mushroom can range in colour from dark dark-brown caps to coin white caps that seem to fan out from tree trunks . Oyster mushrooms have a meaty , firm flesh and have a soft , nutty flavor .
Types of oyster mushroom admit the “ Aspen oyster mushroom ” ( Pleurotus populinus ) , the “ Indian huitre ” ( Pleurotus pulmonarius ) , and the “ Tree huitre mushroom ” ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) .
Most multifariousness of huitre mushroom-shaped cloud are good sources of K , phosphorus , and protein . ( 11 )
harmonize to some survey , oyster mushroom have many wellness - push benefits . ( 12 )
Enoki Mushrooms
Enoki mushroom-shaped cloud ( Flammulina velutipes ) are a type of retentive close white mushroom that has midget caps and farm in clusters .
These long stem mushrooms can grow up to 4 ” ( 12 curium ) in length and look like pieces of string or noodles . That is one of the reasons why these long close mushrooms are used in Asiatic dishes in place of bean . Because they have a mild , angelical taste , they go well in many dishful .
Similar to other types of edible mushrooms , eating enoki mushrooms can add towards your daily intake of B - group vitamin , K , atomic number 12 , and smoothing iron . ( 13 )
Are there any wellness benefits to adding tasty enoki mushrooms to your diet ?
written report have found that these lily-white long stem mushroom have compound that may aid lower rip atmospheric pressure , reduce cholesterol , and improve cognitive performance . investigator are also examining how excerption fromF. velutipescould be used in treating Crab . ( 14 )
research laboratory trial on shiner have regain that deplete comestible mushrooms such as enoki and shiitake variety can aid prevent the accretion of fat and boost gut health . ( 15 )
Lion’s Mane
Lion ’s mane ( Hericium erinaceus ) is one of the more strange types of mushroom that are good to eat .
This case of eatable fungus kingdom certainly does n’t face like other varieties on the lean of eatable mushrooms . This character of mushroom cloud grow on Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree and count like white pom poms . The fibrous base it cross by thin strands that dangle freely . Lion ’s mane has a chewy flesh when misrepresent that some say mouthful like scallops or lobster .
Studies on the wellness benefits of king of beasts ’s mane mushroom have found that these are nutritional fungi . Compounds in these unusual mushroom have been demo to have antibiotic , anticancer , anti - diabetic , and cardio - protective properties . As with other mushroom-shaped cloud , lion ’s mane has immune - advance belongings . ( 16,17 )
Because they tend to grow luxuriously up on trees , they are unmanageable to come up in the wild . However , you’re able to buy these delicious mushroom in Asian stores or ordinate the dried mixed bag online .
Types of Wild Edible Mushrooms
Some types of mushroom that you may corrode are hard to tame and as a result , are generally only found grow wild .
Porcini Wild Edible Mushrooms
Porcini mushrooms ( Boletus edulis ) are some of the best - savor mushrooms you’re able to eat on and they sum a nutty tone to many cup of tea .
For mushroom-shaped cloud foragers , porcini mushroom cloud are the king of the wood . They are fairly prosperous to identify in the natural state and because they are an expensive wild mushroom , they are a desirable mushroom to find .
Other name for porcini mushrooms admit “ cep , ” “ California king bolete , ” or “ Penny bun . ”
Porcini mushroom are also some of the large wild mushroom that are comestible . The big brown detonating equipment can grow up to 12 ” ( 30 cm ) in diameter . Some of the big porcini mushrooms can weigh up to 2 lbs . ( 1 kg ) !
These grownup edible mushrooms are also a skillful seed of nutrient such as vitamin B12 . variety ofBoletusfungi have been associate to lower blood force per unit area and increasing “ good ” cholesterol . Porcini mushroom are also a good source of phenolic compounds that assist better your general wellness . ( 18,19,20 )
Using dried porcini mushrooms in culinary dishes can give soups , risottos , stew , and other dishes a fruity , gross tone . ( 21 )
Morel Mushrooms
Morel ( Morchella esculenta ) mushrooms are on the list of the most unusual edible wild mushrooms because they face like a large elongated walnut growing on a snowy root .
Many people love these fancy mushroom because they have an vivid meaty flavor with crude overtones .
Because morels are hard to find oneself in the tempestuous and unmanageable to cultivate , they are quite expensive mushroom-shaped cloud . you may unremarkably only find these strange - see mushrooms in the saltation .
Morels also have good nutritionary economic value and take Ca , Fe , K , magnesium , B vitamins , and vitamin D. ( 22 )
Studies have also found that morel have many medicative uses . Properties in morel mushroom have been shown to have antioxidant , anti - incendiary , and anticancer properties . Similar to other character of mushrooms , morels also help to tone up the resistant organization . ( 23 )
Similar to sinister truffles , morels are prise mushroom cloud that are very expensive .
Chanterelle Mushrooms
Chanterelle mushroom-shaped cloud are a common case of gaga mushroom used for preparation .
chanterelle ( from theCantharellusgenus ) have a bright gold colour with smooth caps and foresightful branchia that run down the stem . Because of their yellow color , mushrooms forager can easily spot these edible forest mushrooms . However , they do have a poisonous looking at - alike called “ Jack - o - lantern . ”
The most famous nutrient in chanterelles is atomic number 19 . However , they also check calcium , Fe , and magnesium , vitamin D , and vitamin from the B chemical group . ( 24,18 )
Medical research has found that extracts from sealed varieties of Cantharellus cibarius have anti - incitive and wound - heal properties . ( 25 )
idle mushrooms such as chanterelles can take in heavy metal from polluted stain . For that reason , the results from some studies recommend blanching chanterelles for between 5 and 15 minutes toreduce levels of ponderous metals . ( 26 )
Maitake Mushrooms
Maitakes are a type of edible unfounded mushroom cloud that uprise at the groundwork of trees during the crepuscle .
Maitakes ( Grifola frondosa ) grow as a cluster of mushroom caps with wavy edges that can be up to 3 ” ( 7 cm ) in diam . This type of eatable tree mushroom can become huge with some weighing up to 100 lbs . or 45 kg ! Because of this , people refer to maitakes as the “ king of mushrooms . ”
Large maitake mushroom are eatable , but their bad stringy texture is unpleasant to eat . If you want to pick this case of waste edible mushroom , count for younger and smaller fungi growths .
Maitake mushroom are a good germ of dietetic protein and roughage . This tree fungi also contains minerals such as potassium , calcium , and magnesium . ( 27 )
research lab trials have line up that extracts from maitake mushrooms could have potential in treating breast Crab , lowering cholesterol , and treat type 2 diabetes . ( 28,29,30 )
Truffles – Edible Mushrooms that Grow in the Wild
Truffles are sought - after black mushroom that are among some of the most expensive wild mushrooms you may buy .
There are really many smorgasbord of truffles from theTuberaceaefamily that you’re able to eat . aside from black truffles , there are ashen truffles , Bourgogne truffles , and even a rare type of mushroom-shaped cloud call the garlic chocolate truffle .
True truffle mushroom are found underground near the bag of trees . earth-ball can be consumed naked as a jaybird or make and are a good source of protein , fiber , vitamins , and minerals . ( 31 )
The health benefits of eating fateful truffle or white-hot truffles are due to their antioxidant and anti - inflammatory attribute . ( 32,33 )
If you require to buy truffles to add some delicacy to your meal , smuggled truffles are usually less expensive than the white sort .
How to Store Mushrooms
The best way to store sweet mushroom is to put them in a paper bag and keep them in the refrigerator . The newspaper bag will help to absorb excess moisture and this is also a reason not to store them in the crisper draftsman .
mushroom will usually keep for a week in the refrigerator . If you need to store them for retentive , you should freeze them or dry out them .
Before you immobilise mushroom , it ’s best to chop them up and cook them first . This is because mushroom stop high-pitched amount of water supply , and freezing them raw can make them hokey . Once cooled , put them in a freezer bag where they will keep for up to 12 months .
How to Clean Wild Edible Mushrooms
If you go mushroom cloud picking , the best manner to care for your wild edible treats is to use a lowly knife to slue the stems and then immediately strip away debris .
pack the delicate mushrooms in a basketful rather than a plastic grip . This will assist to preclude wild mushrooms from becoming damaged or squashed as you are foraging .
When you get home , apply a pastry dough brush to scavenge away any remaining debris and then shortly rinse the fungi under running water . Do n’t hook mushroom as they will absorb water .
Discard any wild mushroom cloud you are not intimate with .
lay in wild edible mushroom-shaped cloud in the same way you would store entrepot - buy tame mushrooms .
